Introduction
On the morning of February 7th, news about 20 water buffaloes dying en masse in the forest area of Kien Phuoc village, Trieu Ai commune, Trieu Phong district, Quang Tri province, shocked the public. The dead buffaloes were found with unusual symptoms such as bloated rumens, prolapsed rectums, nasal and oral bleeding, and swollen lymph nodes. Veterinary authorities quickly intervened and determined that the cause was acute anaplasmosis, a serious infectious disease requiring timely intervention to prevent its spread.
Dead water buffaloes scattered in the forest – 1*Dead water buffaloes scattered in the forest – 1*Figure 1: A dead water buffalo in the forest area of Kien Phuoc village, Trieu Ai commune (Photo: Duc Tai)
Causes and Symptoms of Acute Anaplasmosis
1. What is Acute Anaplasmosis?
Acute anaplasmosis is an infectious disease caused by the bacteria Anaplasma marginale. It spreads through mosquitoes, ticks, and other hosts. Upon infection, the blood of the animals is destroyed, leading to severe anemia and complications. Common symptoms include:
- Bloated rumen: Accumulation of gas in the digestive system.
- Protruding anus: Due to internal pressure.
- Nasal and oral bleeding: Blood appears in these areas.
- Swollen lymph nodes: Enlarged due to inflammation.
- Increased fly activity: As a result of weakened bodies.
2. Symptoms of the Disease
Common symptoms of acute anaplasmosis include:
- Reduced health.
- Severe anemia.
- Abdominal pain.
- Difficulty breathing.
- Subcutaneous bleeding.
3. Determining the Cause
Through inspection, authorities discovered that the primary cause was acute anaplasmosis. The buffaloes were infected via mosquitoes and ticks. These examinations helped veterinary experts promptly identify and address the issue.
Preventive Measures and Handling
1. Retrieval and Isolation of Roaming Buffalo and Cattle
The District Livestock and Veterinary Station of Trieu Phong – Quang Tri City requested households to locate and bring roaming buffalo and cattle back to their pens for monitoring. This action aims to prevent the disease’s spread and protect the health of other animals.
2. Reporting and Cooperation with Local Authorities
Local authorities have been informed about the situation and have implemented measures to prevent and control the disease, including:
- Enhancing inspections and surveillance in high-risk areas.
- Providing vaccination and treatment for affected animals.
- Educating farmers on preventive measures and proper animal husbandry practices.
- Disinfecting and cleaning areas where the disease has occurred to prevent further outbreaks.
